人工智能背景下专业人才培养的发展路径与方向——基于会计职业相关数据的实证研究     

王奕俊  杨悠然 《中国远程教育(综合版)》2020,(1):35-45,76,77

人工智能技术被普遍认为是一种通用目的技术,将对劳动力技能和劳动力市场产生广泛而深远的影响,由此引起技能市场中关于技术性失业的忧虑和争议。人工智能时代专业人才培养应何去何从?为回答这一问题,从厘清弱人工智能和强人工智能的概念出发,在吸纳经典劳动经济学理论的基础上,以Autor、Levy与Murnane创建的ALM模型为框架,以会计职业为例,利用美国职业信息教育网络(O*net online)数据与中国相关数据,分析会计职业总体技能需求的变化,结果显示在原本由程式化认知技能主导的会计职业中,非程式化认知技能与交互技能的需求在逐渐扩大并加速增长。进一步利用Python技术,对中国各大招聘网站的会计岗位招聘文本进行挖掘和词频分析,验证了以上结果并将具体技能要素分析细化。针对人工智能背景下专业人才培养面临的挑战,提出了多层次、复合型、前端化和终身化等对策。  相似文献   

Seeing and Supporting Twice-Exceptional Learners     

Chin-Wen Lee  Jennifer A. Ritchotte 《The Educational forum》2018,82(1):68-84

Through a four-part discussion, this essay advocates for seeing the characteristics and special needs of gifted students with disabilities and using best practices to support their learning. Part 1 delineates the evolution of the legislative acts and professional initiatives regarding twice exceptionality. Part 2 discusses the educational rights of twice-exceptional learners. Part 3 presents challenges to understanding and supporting this student population, followed by a call for ongoing personnel training in part 4.  相似文献   

A Layered Approach to Critical Friendship as a Means to Support Pedagogical Innovation in Pre-service Teacher Education     

Tim Fletcher  Déirdre Ní Chróinín  Mary O’Sullivan 《Studying Teacher Education》2016,12(3):302-319

In this article we describe and interpret how two distinct layers of critical friendship were used to support a pedagogical innovation in pre-service teacher education. The innovation, Learning about Meaningful Physical Education (LAMPE), focuses on ways to teach future teachers to foster meaningful experiences for learners in physical education. Critical friendship was applied in two ways: (1) the first two authors served as critical friends to each other as they taught their respective teacher education courses using LAMPE, and (2) the third author acted as a meta-critical friend, providing support for and critique of the first two authors’ development and enactment of the innovation. Over two years, data were gathered from reflective journal entries, emails, recorded Skype calls, and teaching observations. The two layers of critical friendship held significant benefits in advancing and supporting the development of the innovation while also contributing to the professional learning of all participants. Analysis of the first year’s data showed that we entered the critical friendship without thoroughly considering what we each hoped to give and take from the relationship or acknowledging the potential problems that might unfold. In the second year, guided by suggestions from our meta-critical friend, we took a more rigorous inquiry stance as critical friends, contributing contentious feedback and pushing each other beyond our personal and pedagogical comfort zones. This led to a noticeable improvement in our professional learning about teacher education practices and advanced the development of the LAMPE innovation.  相似文献   

The emerging landscape of school-based professional learning communities in South Korean schools     

Moosung Lee  Jihyun Kim 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2016,36(2):266-284

Abstract

Over the last decade, school-based professional learning communities (PLCs) have emerged as a key feature of the education system in South Korea. To understand this relatively new phenomenon in the context of South Korea, we provide a review of research on school-based PLCs in South Korea and an empirical analysis of the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2008 with a focus on school-based PLCs. Based on our findings from the literature review and analysis of the TALIS, we aim to provide a fuller picture of the emerging landscape of school-based PLCs in South Korean schools. In so doing, we focus on what constitutes school-based PLCs in South Korean schools and how they are similar to and/or different from their counterparts in other countries. Implications for policy, practice, and research are discussed.  相似文献   

中国和日本技术教育观差异之成因探讨     

白振国  白莉娜 《黑龙江高教研究》2001,(5):121-124

本对中国日本技术教育观的差异,形成及特征,加以论述和比较,从中总结出,我们国家在进入信息时代后,应走“高精尖”并加强工农业基础技术教育的兼顾这路。这样可为我们国家的现代化道路铺就坚实的基石。  相似文献   

Combining the best of two worlds: a conceptual proposal for evidence-informed school improvement     

Chris Brown  Kim Schildkamp  Mireille D. Hubers 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2017,59(2):154-172

Abstract

Background: Data-based decision-making (DBDM) and research-informed teaching practice (RITP) are key to teacher and school improvement. Currently, however, DBDM and RITP represent two distinct approaches to developing evidence-informed practice (EIP) and do not correspond to the all-encompassing notion of EIP envisaged by many academics and commentators.

Purpose: DBDM and RITP are usually employed independently of each other. Each is associated with its own theoretical perspectives and research base, and each has its own pitfalls and strengths. Yet the approaches employed appear to be complementary, suggesting that there might be value in combining DBDM and RITP into one overarching process for achieving EIP. This paper presents the conceptual analysis and arguments for this proposal.

Sources of evidence: Drawing from literature and previous research in the fields of DBDM, RITP and EIP, we describe both DBDM and RITP, before comparing and contrasting the integral aspects of each.

Main argument: Our analysis leads us to suggest that not only is there overlap between these two approaches, but the strengths of each appear to mirror and compensate for the weaknesses of the other. As such, we argue that it is important that decisions in education are based on a combination of personal judgement, research evidence and local school data. This is because such a combination is likely to lead to equitable, effective and efficient decisions that are informed by values and preferences, grounded in context and steeped in practices that have been shown to be effective elsewhere.

Conclusions: We suggest that an effective strategy for EIP might be to achieve ‘the best of two worlds’ by integrating DBDM and RITP. In line with evidence-informed practices in medicine and management, this means EIP in education can finally be engaged in as a holistic approach to educational decision-making that critically appraises different forms of evidence before key improvement decisions are made. Our proposed approach, Evidence informed School and Teacher Improvement, is thus designed with the aim of enhancing the quality of educational provision by employing these evidence types as part of a systematic cycle of inquiry, focused on continuously improving the quality of learning in schools.  相似文献   

论校长专业化发展的知识基础及其转换模式     

杨明权 《陕西教育学院学报》2006,22(2):17-19

校长专业化是当今校长培训的一个共同话题,也是校长培训理念和培训实践需要着力解决的问题之一。知识基础及其转换是促进校长专业化的重要前提。探讨校长专业化过程中知识转换过程规律有助于提高校长培训质量和效益。  相似文献   

Challenges and barriers to Austrian early childhood educators' participation in online professional development programmes     

Eva Pölzl-Stefanec 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2021,52(6):2192-2208

Online professional development programmes have a long tradition in adult education. However, in early childhood education, such programmes are only just beginning to be developed. Before online professional development courses can be made inclusive, accessible and widely available to early childhood educators, they must meet a few basic requirements. The present study provides insights into essential aspects that need to be considered when setting up online professional development programmes, a field which is still in its infancy in Austria. The results of a representative survey (n = 317) demonstrated that early childhood educators' digital competencies are highly variable and cannot be taken for granted. The survey results also stress the need to provide educators with functional digital devices appropriate to their work environment. Early childhood educators' interest in online professional development programmes is very high, in recognition of the advantages afforded by flexible participation options independent of users' time constraints or location. The development of attractive, compelling and accessible online professional development courses can contribute to current professionalisation efforts in the field of early childhood education.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Online professional development has already a very long tradition in the field of adult vocational training but not in Early Childhood Education.
• The possibility of attending online professional development programmes independent of a participant's time constraints or location is viewed as a particularly beneficial advantage.
• Online professional development programmes positively affect the professionalisation of educators. For this reason, they must increasingly be integrated into the field of early childhood education.

What this paper adds

• In the field of early childhood education in German-speaking regions, online professional development training courses are only beginning to be developed.
• This paper examines the challenges and barriers for early childhood educators associated with implementing online professional development programmes for early childhood educators.
• The survey was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and includes current data on the ongoing digitalisation boom.

Implications for practise and/or policy

• Online professional development courses should not be understood as competition for conventional face-to-face programmes. Instead, they act as a useful supplement.
• Media competencies are a fundamental prerequisite for everyday professional life—early childhood educators need functional media devices, stable internet connections, and support structures in IT and computer literacy.
• Early childhood educators require effective instruction in using online professional development programmes to expand online professional development programmes in their field. They must also address compelling topics in early childhood education relevant to educators' practise.

  相似文献   

试论教师职业技能训练模式     

张夏燕 《深圳信息职业技术学院学报》1997,(2)

针对目前教师职业技能训练尚未能引起国内师范教育界足够重视的情况,本文在概述教学模式基本理论的基础上,阐述了运用教学训练模式加强师范生教师职业技能训练的一些设想。  相似文献   

贵州省中学地理教师专业能力素质调查研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林华 《贵州教育学院学报》2002,13(2):94-96

运用定性加定量的教育科研方法对贵州省中学地理教师专业能力素质现状首次调查结果进分分析讨论，指出了贵州省中学地理教师专业能力素质现状及存在问题，并提出提高我省中地理教师专业能力素质初步方案和措施。  相似文献